Improvement in sinking deep-well tubes



UNITED STATES` `H. R. BARNES AND M. T. BARNES, OF VV'ATKINS, NEW YORK.

l PATENT OFFICE.

IMPROVEMENT IN SINKING DEEP-WELL TUBES.

Specitication forming part of Letters Patent No. 49.362, dated August 15,` 1865.

i To all whom 'it may concern.'

Be it known that we, H. R. BARNES and M. T. BARNES, of Watkins, in the county of Schuyler and State of Nw York, have invented a new and useful Im provemeut in Driving Pipes into the Earth for Raising Water; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a central vertical section of the apparatus in the act of being driven into the earth; Fig. 2, a similar view of the bottom of the water-pipe, but with the interior rod or tube withdrawn and the point or head driven some distance below the extremity of the pipe for the purpose of making an opening or fountain for the collection of water; Fig. 3, a perspective' view of the upper portion of the apparatus; Fig. 4, a crosssection of the pipe and interior rod or tube employed in driving.

Like letters ot'reference indicate corresponding parts in lall the figures. y,

The ordinary process of diggin'a well and adjusting the pipe and pump for raising water isatedious and expensive one. To obviate this difficulty a process has been recently adopted, which consists in driving the pipe itself by positive force into the ground, the pipe at its lower end being provided with a fixed point or head, which opens the passage, and provided also with perforations at the side, to admit the water to be raised when the pipe has been adjusted. Although correct in principle there are several disadvantages in the application and use of such a device, as follows: In driving, the pipe is liable to bend, especially if the soil is hard, so as to stand at an angle instead of vertically, as it should. The pipe is frail in its construction, and the blows of the sledge in driving frequently break it, so as to render it luseless, especiallyI where a considerable depth has been attained, requirin g considcrablepower to force it down. For the same reason, if the pipe is not very stiff, the force applied to drive it down will frequently bend it beneath the surface and double it up, thus rendering it ineffective, even it' the pipe is not broken. In such a device as this, as the point or-head that opens the way is rigidly secured to the end of the pipe, which thus cannot be left open, is necessary to perforate the sides of the lower end of the pipe in order to admit water. In

driving down, the sand or earth enters through these perforations and `clogs the inside of the pipe in such a manner that it is frequently necessary to raise the pipe during the operation to.

clear it, and, finally, when the pipe is driven down and suitably adjusted no cavity or de-` within the water-pipe in the act of driving inV such a manner as to stii'en the pipe and enable it to be driven down vertically without bendingor breaking also,in combination therewith ,in the employmentof an adjustable shoulder or stop to hold the pipe in place on the interior rod or tube while being driven down; and, nally, in the employment, in connection with the interior rod or tube and water-pipe, of a detachable point or`head,which, when the pipe is driven in place, can be forced down still farther, thus forming a depression or cavity in the earth beneath the water-pipe for the water to settle in.

As represented in the drawings, A is a water-pipe of ordinary construction, which is made in sections, and as it is driven into the earth is coupled in any desirable manner, as shown at a, Fig. 1. The lower end of this pipe may be left open, or its sides may be perforated, orboth, in order to admit the water to be raised. Within this pipe fits a core, consisting either of a solid rod, B, or equivalent tube of suflicient stiffness for the purpose designed. This rod or tube is also made in sections, which are coupled as it is driven into the earth in any desirable manner, as shown at b, Fig. 1.

For the purpose of holding the pipe in piace on the interior rod or tube we provide a slid ing shoulder or stop, C, on the latter, which adjusts up and down, and is secured in any desired position by means of a set-screw, c, or

equivalent. By this means (a suitable point or head being provided for opening the way) the interior rod or tube and the pipe are easily driven into the ground by striking with a Sledge upon the end of the former. By this arrangement we avoid the difficulties experienced when no interior core is employed, viz

We insure the pipe being driven vertically in to lthe earth and prevent bending, for the whole apparatus, pipe and core combined, is so stiff that it cannont bend, and we prevent the clogging of the interior of the water-pipe, as no sand or dirt can enter through the perforations inthe side on account of the core filling the whole interior. Therefore thereis no necessity of removing the pipe to clear it. At the same time there is very little strain comes upon the pipe in driving, and therefore there is no danger of breakage. The great force of the blows comes upon the interior rod or tube.

The use of the adjustable shoulder or stop C enables us to not only hold the pipe in place as it is being driven down, but also to insert a new section at any time without the least difficulty, and also, when the pipe has been driven in place, to be raised sothat the opening point or head can be driven still lower, as will presently be explained.

The lower end of the interior rod or tube, B,

projects through the water-pipe, and is connected with a point orV head, D, in any suitable manner, so that when driven into the ground and the rod or tube drawn back the two will readily separate, the point remaining in the ground. ln the drawings the coupling is shown as a conical projection, f, of the rod or tube fitting into a similarly-shaped socket ofthe point The diameter ofthe point is that, or a little more, ot the couplings ofthe waterpipe, so that the latter will pass down easily. When the water-pipe has been forced down to a suitable distance the adjustable shoulder G is loosened and raised, and the interior rod or tube is driven still lower, forcing the point D below the end of the pipe, which remains stationary, thus producing a depression or cavity, h, Fig. 2, in theearth, which serves as a fountain for the collection of the water to be raised. This effect we believe to be original with ourselves. p.

We employ an end piece, E, at the top ot' the interior rod or tube, to receive the blows of the Sledge, being coupled with the rod or tube by means of suitable clamps, i t', or equivalent,

bolted together so as to prevent the end of the rod ortube from bruising.

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The employmentot'an interior rod or tube, B, in combination with a water-pipe, A, in driving` into the earth, substantially as and for the H. n. BARNES. M. T. BARNES.

Witnesses:

GEO. E. HURD, J P. B`ARNES. 

